Biological, Cultural, and Chemical Control of Pests Practice Test

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• HzNPV is a formulation used as a selective biopesticide against which pest group?
• A pest management plan that combines biological, cultural, and chemical controls tends to be most effective because
• How do you interpret a field scouting report to inform pest management actions?
• How does IPM integrate biological, cultural, and chemical control strategies?
• What is the thread-like vegetative structure of fungi called?
• Which option correctly matches a MoA group for insecticides with an example?
• What is the economic injury level (EIL) in pest management?
• Which term describes a plant that will live for two years?
• Which structure is the network of filamentous growth that makes up most of the body of a fungus?
• Which term best describes tissue capable of starting new plant growth?
• Which term describes an infective agent that results in decreased health in living things?
• The phenomenon where a pest population survives pesticide applications due to tolerance is called
• The stage of the insect between molts is called what?
• Why is host specificity important when selecting a biological control agent?
• Data types in monitoring for biocontrol efficacy.
• Which elements are typically included in a stored-product pest monitoring program?
• Explain environmental consequences of pesticide overuse and how IPM mitigates them.
• What term describes the organism that produces a disease, such as fungi, bacteria, viruses, and nematodes?
• Which release strategy adds supplementary numbers of natural enemies to boost pest suppression but does not aim for permanent establishment?
• Describe the role of sanitation and cleaning in stored-product pest management.
• Which pesticide is correctly paired with its target group?
• What is the importance of host-range testing before releasing a biological control agent?
• Which pesticide is used to control rodents?
• What practices help minimize drift during spraying?
• Conservation biological control aims to enhance existing natural enemies by modifying practices to protect and sustain them. Example?
• Which term describes a plant disease?
• Which metamorphosis consists of three life stages: Egg, Nymph, and Adult?
• Mass-rearing quality control outcomes.
• How does planting resistant cultivars contribute to pest management?
• In a pest management plan that combines cultural practices, biological control, and monitoring, this approach is known as:
• Provide an example of a cultural control measure to manage a soil-borne pest.
• Why is proper spray technology essential for effective pesticide application and environmental protection?
• What is the purpose of re-entry intervals when pesticides are applied?
• What is the purpose of mass-rearing quality control in a biocontrol program?
• Which statement about pathogens as natural enemies is true?
• Provide a scenario where integrated biological, cultural, and chemical controls yield the best pest suppression.
• What is the significance of crop diversification and habitat management in supporting biological control?
• Which term describes the state when pest numbers remain steady due to balancing factors in the ecosystem?
• Which statement correctly contrasts contact and systemic insecticides and aligns with a scenario for their use?
• What is a tank-mix and what concerns must be addressed before mixing pesticides?
• What does compatibility mean in the context of using pesticides with biological control agents?
• What is a key principle of IPM?
• What is a baculovirus and how is it used in pest management?
• What is composed of nucleic acids surrounded by protein sheaths and can alter plant metabolism by affecting protein synthesis?
• Which term describes control by natural agents?
• Which pests are commonly targeted by sterile insect technique?
• Which pest control strategy relies on multiple control practices and includes monitoring as a key component?
• Which pesticide is designed to control insects?
• Which term describes the body wall of an insect?
• Which statement best summarizes safety and PPE considerations when handling pesticides?
• Which term describes a plant that causes great harm to other organisms by weakening those around it, requiring extended treatment and monitoring?
• What is the purpose of resistance management plans in pest control programs?
• How does predator-prey ratio affect the efficiency of biological control?
• Which stem runs on the surface of the ground and gives rise to new plants at each node?
• Which is an example of a classical biological control agent and its target?
• Which term refers to the chemical signal that influences the behavior of members of the same species?
• Name a commercially available entomopathogenic fungus and its target pest.
• Which term refers to plants that lack chlorophyll?
• How do stored-product pests differ from field pests and what control approaches are used?
• Any abnormal plant growth is called what?
• In IPM, monitoring helps determine when to apply control methods.
• Which term is the isolation of pest-infested material?
• Avicide is used to control which pests?
• A plant that will live for two years.
• Which pairing correctly matches a biological control category with a representative example?
• Which term is the standard point at which pest control costs justify action?
• Which term describes a chemical secreted by an organism to cause a specific reaction by another organism of the same species?
• What are pheromone-based monitoring tools and what information do they provide in IPM?
• Before creating a tank-mix, which concerns must be addressed?
• Rodenticide is used to control which pests?
• Which term means total removal or destruction of a pest?
• Describe drift and volatility concerns in aerial pesticide applications and strategies to minimize them.
• What term describes a plant developed by humans, as distinguished from a natural variety?
• Which type of disease is caused by environmental or man-made stress?
• What is a key measure of success in an IPM program regarding economic return?
• Which term describes a weed that persists for multiple years and can reproduce by seed or vegetative growth?
• How can IPM provide cost-effectiveness and sustainability in pest management?
• Residue limits on food products are established primarily to protect which group?
• What are some greenhouse-specific pest management considerations?
• Which term describes a pest that, if introduced, poses a major economic threat?
• How does crop stage influence pest management decisions during scouting?
• What are the key steps in the IPM decision cycle?
• Which term refers to tissue capable of starting new plant growth?
• Which term defines the point at which pest damage justifies the cost of additional pest control measures?
• Which term describes a plant variety developed by humans, as opposed to a natural variety?
• Which statement best describes the limitations of mechanical control methods such as exclusion nets and row covers?
• How do adjuvants influence pesticide efficacy and environmental impact?
• What is a monitoring plan in a biocontrol project and what data does it collect?
• Which statement best defines biological control?
• What should you consider when storing pesticides in terms of safety?
• Economic Threshold (ET) is defined as the pest density at which
• Which microorganisms are described as one-celled or unicellular microscopic plants?
• What are some risks of chemical control and how can they be mitigated in IPM?
• Which control method is commonly used specifically for stored-product pests and not typical in field crop IPM?
• Which cultural control practice is most effective for breaking pest life cycles?
• Which factors are commonly adjusted during sprayer calibration to achieve the target application rate?
• In resistance management, what is the purpose of a refuge?
• Which term describes the deliberate isolation of pest-infested material?
• In what way can irrigation scheduling influence pest populations?
• Explain the difference between broad-spectrum and selective pesticides and provide examples.
• Distinguish systemic pesticides from contact pesticides.
• Which term refers to the attempt to alter the crop environment to prevent or reduce pest damage?
• Which statement best describes a narrow host range biocontrol agent?
• What is the purpose of a re-entry interval on a pesticide label?
• Which statement best describes sanitation as a pest management practice?
• What is the purpose of economic thresholds or action thresholds in IPM decisions?
• Which statement is not a typical consideration when releasing biological control agents in greenhouses?
• What is trap cropping in pest management?
• What is an augmentative biological control release and when is it used?
• Which of the following is a category of natural enemies used in pest management?
• Which term describes a weed that completes its life cycle in one year?
• What is host range and how does it influence the selection of a biocontrol agent?
• How does weather forecasting inform pest management decisions in IPM?
• What is pesticide resistance and what are common mechanisms by which pests develop it?
• List two key regulatory considerations when releasing biological control agents.
• A six-legged animal with three body segments.
• Which statement about conservation biological control is true?
• What do ET and EIL stand for in pest management decision-making?
• Which term describes a living organism that transmits or carries a disease organism?
• Which pesticide is used to manage nematodes?
• Which term describes a living organism that carries disease-causing agents from one host to another?
• Acaricide is used to control which pests?
• Identify three mechanical control methods and explain their advantages and limitations.
• Insectary plants support biological control by providing what to natural enemies?
• What climate factors influence the effectiveness of biological control?
• Which option lists two mass-produced predators commonly used in protected cropping systems?
• Which of the following is an example of a classical biological control?
• Bt is a soil bacterium that produces toxins lethal to certain insect larvae; it is most commonly used against which group?
• What is the visible change in the host caused by a disease?
• What describes Integrated Pest Management (IPM)?
• How do you assess the success of a pest management program after interventions?
• What do you call a collection of fungal hyphae that often forms a symbiotic mycorrhizal relationship with plants?
• Define and provide an example of the economic threshold and explain how it guides pest management decisions.
• How can breeding crops for resistance complement other pest management strategies?
• Which pesticide is designed to control weeds?
• In resistance management, how is the IRAC MOA classification used?
• A plant that can live for more than two years and may reproduce by seed and/or vegetative growth.
• What would indicate incompatibility in a jar test when preparing a tank mix?
• Describe a pathogen-based biocontrol method and give an example.
• What is the sterile insect technique and in what pest situations is it typically applied?
• Distinguish classical, augmentative, and conservation biological control with a brief example of each.
• Which practice helps minimize pesticide drift and environmental contamination?
• To strip a plant of its leaves.
• What is a trap crop and which Brassica trap crop-pest pairing is commonly used to manage pests?
• Define the enemy release hypothesis and how it relates to classical biological control.
• Fungicide is used to control which pests?
• Describe the role of resistant crop varieties in pest management and any potential trade-offs.
• What is a primary ecological function of habitat features such as flowering plants in IPM?
• Buffer zones: what is their primary role in pest management?
• Besides laboratory assays, what other method can be used to assess host range?
• Which term describes a stem that runs underground and gives rise to new plants at each joint surface?
• Nematicide is used to control which pests?
• Which term describes the relationship among the host, pathogen, and environment in disease development?
• Which term means a pest that occurs on a regular basis for a given crop?
• Which type of disease is caused by living organisms?
• What is the purpose of host-range testing and how is it performed?
• Insecticide is used to control which pests?
• In biological control, how does a parasitoid interact with its host?
• What role do weed pests play in pest management and how can cultural controls help?
• What is a jar test and how is it used to assess tank-mix compatibility?
• How should field monitoring be used to evaluate the success of a biological control program?
• Which statement describes the purpose of trap crops in IPM?
• Which term describes a chemical used to inhibit fungal growth?
• Which term describes when the number of pests stabilizes or remains steady?
• Which statement best describes crop residue management in pest suppression?
• What are the key factors influencing pesticide persistence in the environment?
• Which term describes altering the crop environment to prevent pest damage?
• How does crop sanitation reduce pest pressure in stored products?
• How can habitat management support biological control in agricultural systems?
• Which term refers to a stem that runs on the surface of the ground and produces new plants at each node?
• How can biological control be undermined by pesticide use and what practices can preserve biocontrol agents?
• Explain how pheromones can be used for mating disruption in pest management and give a crop example.
• What factors are considered in a risk assessment for releasing a biological control agent?
• Explain the concept of "refugia" in resistance management and its practical application.
• Which term refers to checking or scouting procedures used to determine the presence or absence of a pest, amount of damage, and stage of development of the pest?
• Which statement about mating disruption pheromones is most accurate?
• Organism that produces disease.
• What term describes the ability of an organism to tolerate a lethal level of a pesticide?
• Which term describes a mass of hyphae that can form a symbiotic relationship with plants to assist nutrient uptake?
• A pest's ability to repopulate after control measures have been eliminated or reduced.
• Which term describes a virus disease of plants characterized by light and dark green mottling on leaves?
• Which statement best describes phytotoxicity?
• What practice helps slow resistance development in pests?
• Which statement correctly describes crop rotation in pest management?
• What term describes one-celled or unicellular microscopic plants?
• Which term refers to roundworms that may live in soil or water, within insects, or as parasites of plants or animals?
• Which statement best describes augmentation biological control?
• Which term describes management by natural enemies such as predators, parasitoids, or pathogens?
• Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) releases sterile males to reduce population; which statement is correct?
• What is a pesticide label and why must it be followed exactly?
• Define phytotoxicity and give an example.
• Which statement correctly describes inundative releases versus inoculative releases within augmentative biological control?
• What does monitoring non-target effects after interventions involve?
• Which practice involves a susceptible crop planted to attract a pest to a localized area?
• Which statement is NOT a consideration when releasing biological control agents in enclosed environments?
• Which release type is intended for lasting establishment and spread over time?
• What does the PPE requirement on a pesticide label specify?
• Compare cultural, biological, and chemical control methods in terms of cost, sustainability, and long-term pest suppression.
• What considerations are needed when integrating biological, cultural, and chemical controls to avoid antagonism?
• How can soil health and microbial activity influence pest suppression indirectly?
• An eight-legged animal, such as a spider or a mite.
• Why are buffer zones and favorable weather conditions important for minimizing drift and off-target exposure?
• Why is rotating pesticides with different MoA important in resistance management?
• Which statement best describes the risk-benefit considerations of using biological pesticides in integrated pest management programs?
• In IPM, why is timing of control actions critical when combining techniques?
• Which term corresponds to the use of pesticides to reduce pest populations?
• Herbicide is used to control which pests?
• How would you calibrate a sprayer to ensure accurate application rate?
• What is pesticide drift and what practices reduce drift risk during application?
• What is a pesticide mode of action (MOA) and why should MOA be rotated?
• Which term refers to the swollen portion of the stem where leaves are attached and buds arise?
• Which statement best differentiates a predator from a parasitoid?
• Which term denotes the disease-causing agent such as fungi, bacteria, or viruses?
• Which statement best differentiates sanitation, rotation, and cultivar resistance as cultural control strategies?
• Two major ecological risks of releasing a non-native biological control agent?
• Consists of four life stages: Egg, Larva, Pupa, and Adult.
• Which statement about beneficial nematodes is NOT true?
• Biotic diseases are caused by what type of agents?
• In resistance management, leaving a refuge helps slow resistance by preserving what?
• Which of the following statements is NOT a typical consideration when releasing biological control agents in enclosed environments?
• Which practice exemplifies conservation biological control?
• Give an example of a trap crop used to manage an insect pest and explain its function.
• Explain mode of action (MoA) classification in pesticides and why MoA-based rotation helps delay resistance.
• Which tissue is capable of starting new plant growth?
• The change in growth stages of an insect is called what?
• What is an insectary plant?
• Which term describes a plant that can live for more than two years and may reproduce by seed and/or vegetative growth?
• A plant that completes its life cycle within one year.
• Which term describes the use of pesticides to reduce pest populations?
• Insects that feed on other insects are called what?
• What is ecological risk assessment and how does it inform chemical control decisions?
• Which term refers to a pest that consistently affects a crop year after year and is considered a key pest in management decisions?
• Excessive irrigation can influence pest and disease pressure by promoting which condition?
• Describe the considerations for selecting an eco-friendly chemical control option.
• Which of the following is a primary reason for rotating pesticide MOAs in resistance management?
• Plants that are considered to be growing out of place.
• What are residue limits and why are they important in chemical pest control?
• Consists of three life stages: Egg, Nymph, and Adult.
• The body wall of an insect is called what?
• Which of the following is an example of a cultural control practice?